Beef Round Top Steak Calories 6.2 Oz
From offscreen friendships and jarring pay inequality to the special effects and makeup tricks that brought some of the world'due south favorite picture characters to life, The Wizard of Oz (1939) had so much going on behind the emerald curtain and the Technicolor gloss of an amazing fantasy world.
In honor of the 80th ceremony of the flick, follow the yellow brick slideshow to peek behind that curtain and acquire more than about the secrets and fun facts that brand the beloved motion-picture show a timeless classic.
Margaret Hamilton Was a Fan Before the Picture
As a cocky-proclaimed lifelong fan of Fifty. Frank Baum'southward Oz series, Margaret Hamilton was thrilled to exist considered for a role in the 1939 film adaptation. Hamilton chosen her agent to ask which character the producers wanted her to play, and her agent famously said, "The witch — who else?"
Hamilton, a unmarried mother, fought MGM for an agreed upon amount of guaranteed piece of work time. 3 days before filming began, the studio agreed to a five-calendar week deal. In the end, Hamilton was on set for iii months, only many of her scenes were cutting for existence too scary for audiences.
Dorothy's Original Expect Was More than Movie Star Than Farm Girl
Sure, Dorothy Gale doesn't need prosthetics or aluminum makeup, but that doesn't hateful Judy Garland wasn't put through the costume department wringer. Although she was young at the time, the 16-twelvemonth-former Garland had to wear a corset-similar device then she looked more like a preadolescent child.
Manager Richard Thorpe suggested Garland wear a blonde wig and loads of "baby-doll" makeup (every bit whatsoever preadolescent girl would…). Luckily, that vision of the character changed. Afterwards MGM fired Thorpe, the intermediate director George Cukor nixed the heavy makeup and wig. Instead, he told Garland to exist herself. Smart movement.
The "Skywriting" Scene Employed Some Great Movie Magic
The Magician of Oz employs a lot of neat pic tricks, and some of the most unique were used in the skywriting scene. In it, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) flies above the Emerald City, leaving the phrase "Give up Dorothy" in her wake in black smoke.
Using a hypodermic needle, the special effects squad spread black ink across the bottom of a glass tank that was filled with a thick, tinted liquid (some speculate milk). They wrote the phrase in contrary and filmed the scene from beneath. Initially, the skywriting ended with the ominous "Or Die — Westward W Westward."
The "Snow" in the Poppy Field Was Actually Dangerous
One of the Wicked Witch'southward last-ditch efforts to impede Dorothy's quest to run across the Wonderful Wizard of Oz involves a poppy field and some magical sleep-inducing snow. While many like to joke that the poppies and their drowsiness are the outcome of opium (a component of poppies), the scene has a much more than breathy toxic connectedness than that.
All that magical snow? Information technology's actually 100% industrial-grade chrysotile asbestos. Even though the health risks associated with the material were known at the fourth dimension, it was still Hollywood's preferred pick for false snowfall. Our communication to Dorothy? Don't catch any snowflakes on your tongue.
Scarecrow's Makeup Stuck Around for Awhile
In the end, Ray Bolger (Scarecrow) was probably grateful in more ways than one for Buddy Ebsen (the original Tin Man'southward) willingness to trade parts with him. The Tin Homo's aluminum makeup acquired a huge amount of bug for Ebsen, who was replaced by Jack Haley.
Although Bolger's makeup experience was better than Ebsen's, he still had some problems. The Scarecrow'south makeup consisted of a rubber prosthetic, consummate with a woven pattern that mimicked the look of burlap. After the film wrapped, the prosthetic left patterns on Bolger'south face up that took more than than a year to fade.
Margaret Hamilton Was Burned On Set
In a outburst of flames and red smoke, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) vanishes from Munchkinland. Although the scene is terrifying for viewers, information technology may have instilled more than fear for Hamilton. On the first accept, the smoke rose from a hidden trapdoor too early.
For the 2d take, Hamilton stood on the trapdoor as planned, but her cape snagged on the platform when the burn down flared up. Her copper-containing makeup heated up instantly, causing 2nd- and third-caste burns on her hands and face up. To make matters worse, the coiffure tried to remedy her burns with (an even more painful) acetone solvent.
The Flying Monkeys Became Falling Monkeys
The Wicked Witch's legion of flying monkeys — or Winged Monkeys as they're called in the source material — have certainly been a source of terror for generations. Almost every bit scary as the Witch herself, these henchmen soar onto the scene to kidnap Dorothy and Toto — thanks to the magic of piano wires.
Still, the aerial stunt went amiss when several of the piano wires snapped, sending actors plummeting a few feet to the soundstage floor. To create such a vast troupe of monkeys (and cut down on human marionettes), filmmakers made miniature rubber monkeys to assist populate the sky.
"Over the Rainbow" Was Nigh on the Cutting Room Floor
To no one's surprise, the American Film Establish ranked "Over the Rainbow" #1 on a list of 100 Greatest Songs in American Films. But what may surprise you lot? The (arguably) about iconic vocal of Judy Garland's career was nearly cut from the film.
Studio execs at MGM thought the song made the Kansas scenes too long. Moreover, filmmakers were concerned that children wouldn't sympathise the song's meaning. Luckily, this unfounded concern melted similar lemon drops. Unfortunately, Garland's tearful reprise of the song was left on the cutting room floor.
The Tin Man Costume Didn't Allow Jack Haley to Rest Easy
Although Bert Lahr had to schlep around in a xc-pound lion costume, Jack Haley didn't take it like shooting fish in a barrel either. From the lingering concerns about the aluminum paste-based makeup on his face and easily to the minimal flexibility of the "can" torso and artillery, Haley faced some challenges.
Reportedly, his costume was so strong that he had to lean against a lath to residuum properly. Many years after, actor Anthony Daniels, known for playing the protocol droid C-3PO in the Star Wars films, had the aforementioned outcome with his rigid costume. Information technology seems even fantasy and sci-fi can't help folks escape all their problems.
The Original Tin Man Was Rushed to the Hospital
Initially, Buddy Ebsen was cast as the Scarecrow, but traded parts with Ray Bolger. Nonetheless, Ebsen's new graphic symbol, the Tin Man, caused him a globe of issues. Namely, the grapheme'southward silver makeup contained a harmful aluminum dust that coated Ebsen'southward lungs.
To make matters worse, Ebsen had an allergic reaction, and, unable to exhale, he was rushed to the hospital. MGM recast the role with Jack Haley (and changed up the makeup), but didn't explain why Ebsen "dropped out." Although Ebsen didn't appear in the final flick, his vocals tin be heard in "We're Off to Run into the Wizard."
A Stocking & Some Miniatures Gave United states of america the Tornado
The tornado that strikes the Gale homestead is total of practical special effects that actually hold upwards. The funnel itself was actually a 35-foot long stocking made of muslin. The special furnishings team spun it around miniatures that resembled the farms and fields of Kansas. Against the painted backdrop, the tornado looks menacing.
The Gale firm, which falls from the sky and into Oz, is just a miniature house that was dropped onto a sky painting. Filmmakers then reversed the footage to go far wait like the house was falling out of the clouds.
Hollywood Didn't Pay Up Then Either
Pay inequality has always been an issue in Hollywood. For example, Adriana Caselotti, voice of the titular character in Walt Disney'south Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), made $970 for her performance. The flick went on to make roughly $viii million.
According to the Los Angeles Times, Judy Garland's pay was better than Caselotti'southward — playing Dorothy earned her $500 a week — but it however didn't reverberate the film'southward success. Even more than discouraging, the folks who portrayed the citizens of Munchkinland were paid a mere $fifty per week. (Meanwhile, Terry the dog earned $125 per week as Toto. A real yikes.)
Bert Lahr's Lion Costume Was Taxing
Originally, MGM thought it might cast its mascot — the actual panthera leo used in the studio's title card — as the cowardly character. Fortunately, for the safe of the actors and the animal, the filmmakers decided to cast actor Bert Lahr every bit the anthropomorphic character instead.
To make a disarming creature, the costume section fashioned Lahr a 90-pound outfit made from existent lion skin. Yet, the arc lights used on set made things a steamy 100 degrees during filming, which meant Lahr did a lot of sweating unrelated to his character's nerves. Each night, two stagehands stale the costume for the next day.
The Initial Box Part Returns Were Uneven
The picture started shooting in October of 1938 but didn't wrap until March of 1939, racking up an unheard of $two,777,000 in costs. That'south nearly $50 million adjusted for inflation. Upon its initial release, the moving picture just earned $3 million at the box office — well-nigh $51.viii million by today's standards.
Although that seems impressive for a Depression-era motion picture, think that Disney made $eight million with Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937). The Magician of Oz's modest success in the U.South. barely covered production and moving picture rights' costs — MGM paid $75,000 to the publisher for those — but success overseas fortunately bolstered the film's returns.
The Dark Side of Oz in a Time Before "Me Too"
Judy Garland was just 16 years quondam when she was cast equally Dorothy. Insecure and lonesome, she became fond to amphetamines and barbiturates, which were oft given to immature actors to help them slumber after studios shot them upward with adrenaline so they could work long hours.
The spotlight — and her dissentious contract with MGM — didn't aid, leading to her lifelong struggles with an eating disorder and alcoholism. According to a author for Express, "[Garland] was molested by older men, including studio chiefs [and head Louis B. Mayer], who considered her piffling more than their 'property.'" Moreover, MGM forced Garland to stick to a wildly unhealthy diet of cigarettes, coffee and chicken soup.
The Phonation of Snow White Had a Cameo
A few years before The Sorcerer of Oz debuted, Walt Disney'due south feature-length animated movie Snow White and the 7 Dwarfs (1937) became a nail-hit. Non simply did the moving-picture show revolutionize the animation industry, it also reinvigorated the fantasy genre.
Disney wanted to follow upward Snow White — and so the nigh successful film of all time — with an adaptation of The Wizard of Oz, merely MGM owned the rights. By happenstance, Adriana Caselotti, who voiced Snow White, had an uncredited role in Oz. During the Tin Man'south "If I Only Had a Heart," Caselotti speaks her sole line, "Wherefore art thou Romeo?"
The Ruby Slippers Are Props & Treasured Artifacts
Keeping in line with the volume, Dorothy's iconic footwear was originally silver, but screenwriter Noel Langley felt the ruby-red colour would actually pop in glorious Technicolor. Designed by MGM's chief costume designer Gilbert Adrian, the shoes are each covered in about two,300 sequins.
One of the remaining pairs is on view in the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History. Since the display is so heavily trafficked, the museum has replaced the carpet at that place several times. Another pair were stolen from Minnesota'southward Judy Garland Museum in 2005, but the FBI recovered the slippers for the institution in 2018.
Only One Sequence Was Filmed "On Location"
The Sorcerer of Oz is your archetype adventure story, and Dorothy'south quest leads her from a Kansas farm to another world — complete with corn fields, poppy-filled meadows and forests. Yet, despite all these scenic locations, nearly all the scenes were shot on a soundstage.
Every bit was customary at the time, immense, detailed backdrops were painted by studio artists, making it possible for filmmakers to transport audiences to far abroad places without filming on location. In fact, the but location footage in the picture is the opening title sequence — those clouds are 100% the existent deal.
A Second Toto Was Brought In
Toto, played primarily by Terry, is ane of the well-nigh honey dogs in film history. Terry was famously non a huge fan of special effects and tin often be seen running out of a shot when something loud or alarming happens — like when the Tin Human spouts out all of that steam.
Later on 1 of the Witch's guards accidentally stepped on her, Terry was on bedrest for two weeks. Filmmakers went through two doubles to observe one that resembled the original canine actor more closely.
Fun fact: Judy Garland was so addicted of Terry that she wanted to prefer the canis familiaris.
Margaret Hamilton "Mourns the Wicked" Witch
In addition to being a huge fan of the Oz books, Margaret Hamilton likewise believed her graphic symbol was more than just your run-of-the-mill evil villain. More than than 35 years after the picture show debuted, Hamilton, donning her Witch's costume to bear witness kids information technology was make-believe, appeared on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, where Fred Rogers interviewed her about the character.
According to Hamilton, the and so-chosen Wicked Witch relished everything she did, but she was also a sad, lonely figure. In short, things never went well for the frustrated Witch. Oddly enough, the Broadway musical Wicked besides takes this approach to the Witch's character.
The "Horse of a Different Colour" Was Made Possible Thank you to a Nutrient Product
In 1939, audiences were but as amazed as Dorothy, Scarecrow, Tin Man and the Cowardly Lion when the horse in Emerald City took on a rainbow of colors. This "horse of a dissimilar color" was made possible thank you to a surprising food item…
Jell-O crystals were used to colour the horses, which meant filmmakers had to movement quickly — the animals were eager to lick upward the sweet treat. But the colorful steed isn't the only interesting component in this fan-favorite scene. The horse-drawn railroad vehicle was once owned by President Abraham Lincoln and now resides at the Judy Garland Museum.
The Makeup Department Hired on Actress Hands
From the citizens of Munchkinland and Emerald Metropolis to the Witch'southward flying monkeys, so many actors had to undergo a makeup transformation in order to give life to this fantasy film. To keep up with the daily demands, MGM chosen upon workers from the studio mailroom and courier service to manage makeup stations.
Since most of the Ozian ensemble required prosthetics, makeup artists — and "makeshift" artists — formed a kind of costuming assembly line. Near actors had to arrive before 5:00 in the morning time — six days a week! — to brainstorm the intensive process.
Memorable (& Oftentimes Misquoted) Lines Fill the Film
The motion picture is chock-full of iconic, memorable songs, and it has the peachy fortune of being responsible for some of the most quoted lines in picture history as well. In 2007, Premiere compiled a list of "The 100 Greatest Picture Lines" and placed a whopping iii of the film'south lines on the listing.
"Pay no attention to that man backside the curtain" was voted #24, while "There's no place similar home" nabbed the 11th spot. Finally, the frequently misquoted "Toto, I accept a feeling we're not in Kansas anymore" landed in the 62nd spot.
The Witch's Fire Employed Some Technical Wizardry (& Juice)
Clearly, the technical wizardry — or witchcraft — in the moving-picture show is incredible. Like the "horse of a different color" sequence, some other iconic, special effects-heavy scene harnessed the power of everyday household items to pull off fun tricks.
Before long afterwards Dorothy arrives in Munchkinland, the Wicked Witch tries to snatch the ruby slippers from the young girl'due south feet. Still, fire strikes the Witch's hands, repelling her. This "burn down" is really apple juice spouting from the slippers in a sped-up clip to make it look more flame-like.
Technicolor Required Some Ingenuity in the Props Section
Experimenting with Technicolor was part fun and part trouble-solving for filmmakers. In order to properly capture scenes with the Technicolor photographic camera, the soundstage needed to be lit with arc lights, which often heated the prepare upwardly to a toasty 100 degrees.
After the lights were set up, the experts experimented with what would expect best on pic, especially in colorized form. For example, the white part of Dorothy's dress is actually pink — simply because it filmed amend. And the oil the Can Human is and so excited about? Information technology's actually chocolate syrup.
The Wicked Witch of the E Makes More than Than One Appearance
Office of the Wicked Witch of the West's beef with Dorothy is that the young girl dropped a house on her sis, the Wicked Witch of the East, who was the short-lived owner of the carmine slippers. Although Margaret Hamilton already plays both the Wicked Witch of the Due west and her Kansas counterpart Almira Gulch, she also plays the Wicked Witch of the East — if only briefly.
During the tornado sequence, an addled Dorothy looks out her sleeping room window and watches Gulch transform into a witch, her shoes shimmering. For fans, this glint indicates the witch exterior the window is wearing the ruby slippers. The restored version of the film makes that shimmer fifty-fifty more noticeable.
The Film's Running Time Was Cutting Down Several Times
The get-go cut of the film clocked in at a running time of 120 minutes. Although that seems similar nothing by today's Marvel movie standards, producer Mervyn LeRoy felt information technology was long and unwieldy and wanted to chop off 20 minutes.
Subsequently cut the famed "Jitterbug" number (top right) and an extended Scarecrow dance sequence, the film was 112 minutes long. LeRoy held a second preview screening, and, later on, nixed Dorothy'due south "Over the Rainbow" reprise, an Emerald City reprise of "Ding! Dong! The Witch Is Dead," a scene where the Tin Man becomes a human beehive (Yikes!) and a few Kansas sequences.
So Much for a "Wicked" Witch
Filmmakers deemed Margaret Hamilton'southward Wicked Witch of the West performance too frightening for audiences and cut or trimmed many of her scenes. Only not everyone thought her performance was terrifying — namely Judy Garland, who played the Wicked Witch's nemesis, Dorothy Gale.
Off-screen, the film's starring foes were really friends. One story that emerged from the set described Garland excitedly showing off a clothes to Hamilton, declaring she was going to wear it for her graduation. Unfortunately, MGM's Louis B. Mayer sent Garland on a press tour the day of her graduation. Upset, Hamilton phoned Mayer and chewed him out.
Giving Credit to Technicolor
In the opening credits, the text reads "Photographed in Technicolor," as opposed to the more apt "Color Sequences past Technicolor." The phrasing of the credits makes information technology seem as though the unabridged film was shot in color. Was this done deliberately, or was information technology a minor syntactical faux pas?
It's widely believed this was a bit of a stunt done to enhance the surprise of the picture turning into full three-strip Technicolor when Dorothy arrives in Oz. Posters made at the time of the film'southward debut fabricated no mention of sepia tint (or "blackness-and-white"), adding credence to this theory.
Ane of History'south Nigh-Watched Films
Although The Magician of Oz proved pop in theaters, another moving picture released the same year, besides directed by Victor Fleming, actually topped the box part. (You may have heard of that little movie — it's called Gone with the Wind.) Nonetheless, MGM's musical fantasy may take more staying power than other films of the era, thank you in part to re-releases.
The film was starting time broadcast on tv set on November 3, 1956, and garnered an impressive 44 one thousand thousand viewers. It's believed that The Wizard of Oz is one of the 10 most-watched feature-length movies in film history, largely due to the number of annual television screenings, theater viewings and various format re-releases.
Source: https://www.ask.com/tvmovies/wizard-of-oz-facts?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740004%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
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